مروری نظام‌مند برالگوی تحقق مرجعیت علمی با استفاده از روش فرا ترکیب

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)

2 استادیار دانشکده مدیریت راهبردی و برنامه ریزی، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی الگویی مفهومی برای تحقق مرجعیت علمی در ایران، با بهره‌گیری از روش فراترکیب و مرور نظام‌مند انجام شده است. پرسش اصلی تحقیق آن است که: «الگوی تحقق مرجعیت علمی چیست و چه مؤلفه‌هایی در شکل‌گیری آن نقش‌ دارند؟» در این راستا، ابتدا ۱۳۹ پژوهش فارسی‌زبان مرتبط شناسایی و گردآوری شد و از میان آن‌ها، ۳۸ پژوهش که از انسجام نظری و ارتباط محتوایی بیشتری برخوردار بودند، به‌صورت عمیق مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که مرجعیت علمی مفهومی چندبعدی است که تحقق آن مستلزم درک و تبیین هم‌زمان مؤلفه‌های متنوعی است. بر این اساس، مقوله‌های هشت‌گانه شامل اهداف، ابعاد، راهبردها، شرایط و ظرفیت‌ها، موانع، پیامدها، شاخص‌های ارزیابی و الگوهای مفهومی، استخراج و طبقه‌بندی گردید. در مجموع، ۷ هدف کلان، ۶ بعد اصلی، ۲۸ ظرفیت نهادی و ساختاری، ۴1 راهبرد، ۱۹ مانع، ۱۱ پیامد و 53 شاخص ارزیابی به‌عنوان مؤلفه‌های کلیدی مرجعیت علمی شناسایی شد. نوآوری این پژوهش در ارائه تعریفی جامع از مرجعیت علمی و تدوین مدلی ترکیبی مبتنی بر تحلیل کیفی پژوهش‌های پیشین است؛ مدلی که با بهره‌گیری از منطق حلقه بسته، امکان بازخوردپذیری، اصلاح‌پذیری و بهبود مستمر سیاست‌گذاری‌های علم و فناوری را فراهم می‌سازد. یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌تواند به‌عنوان مبنایی برای ارتقاء حکمرانی علمی و هدایت سیاست‌گذاری‌ها در راستای تحقق اهداف راهبردی توسعه علم و فناوری کشور مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Systematic Review of the Scientific Authority Realization Model Using Meta-Synthesis Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Mardanian 1
  • Ali Taheri 2
  • Mohsen Miri 2
1 Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, Imam Hussein Comprehensive University
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of strategic management and economy, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study aimed to design a conceptual model for realizing scientific authority in Iran, using the method of metasynthesis and systematic review. The main question of the research is: "What is the model for realizing scientific authority and what components play a role in its formation?" In this regard, first 139 relevant Persian-language studies were identified and collected, and among them, 38 studies that had greater theoretical coherence and content relevance were analyzed in depth. The findings indicate that scientific authority is a multidimensional concept whose realization requires the simultaneous understanding and explanation of various components. Accordingly, eight categories including goals, dimensions, strategies, conditions and capacities, obstacles, consequences, evaluation indicators, and conceptual models were extracted and classified. In total, 7 macro-goals, 6 main dimensions, 28 institutional and structural capacities, 41 strategies, 19 barriers, 11 outcomes, and 53 evaluation indicators were identified as key components of scientific authority. The innovation of this research is in providing a comprehensive definition of scientific authority and developing a hybrid model based on qualitative analysis of previous research; a model that, by utilizing closed-loop logic, provides the possibility of feedback, modification, and continuous improvement of science and technology policies. The findings of this research can be used as a basis for promoting scientific governance and guiding policymaking in line with the realization of the strategic goals of the country's science and technology development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Scientific authority
  • realization of scientific authority
  • science policymaking
  • meta-synthesis method
Aghatabar Roudbari, Jamileh and Javanian, Mustafa. (2018). “Investigating the Effectiveness of Teaching the Concepts of Foresight and Scientific Authority to Students in Small Groups: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Implementing Closed Capacity Building Programs for Acquiring Scientific Authority”. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, Volume: 3, Issue: 2. {In Persian}.
Alizadeh, Parisa and Kowsari, Sahar. (2010). “Providing strategic options for achieving Iran's scientific and technological authority based on the integral framework of futures”. Rahyaft, 33(1), pp. 19-40. doi: 10.22034/rahyaft.2024.11495.1460. {In Persian}.
Azadi Ahmadabadi, Qasem. (2021). “Extraction and prioritization of strategies for achieving scientific authority in Iran with an interpretive structural modeling approach”. Strategic Studies of Public Policy (Strategic Studies of Globalization), 11(41), pp. 240-265.
Azadi Ahmadabadi, Qasem. (2023). “Roadmap of authority in science, technology and innovation based on upstream documents”. Science Promotion, 14(1), pp. 58-81. doi: 10.22034/popsci.2023.347119.1205{In Persian}.
Bagheri Moghadam, Naser, Azadi Ahmadabadi, Ghasem and Khorasani, Mohsen. (2018). “Presenting a Conceptual Model for Realizing Scientific Authority in the Field of Higher Education in the Country”. Rahyaft, 32(4), pp. 53-64. doi: 10.22034/rahyaft.2023.11451. {In Persian}.
Bagheri, Pejman, Avand, Abolghasem, Koohpayeh, Amin, Homayounfar, Reza, Farjam, Mojtaba, and Avand, Fatemeh. (2017). “Some points about scientific authority with a view to the role of students in its realization and the existing obstacles”. Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, 24(1), pp. 51-53. {In Persian}.
Bahrani, Atiyeh and Forutani, Zahra. (2017). “The concept and drivers of scientific authority in the civilizational discourse of Imam Khamenei”. Rahyaft, 32(3), pp. 3-20. doi: 10.22034/rahyaft.2023.11393
Bakhtiari, Hossein, Jafari Tuye, Jafar, Molla Sadeqhi, Mohammad Bagher, and Abbasi, Hossein. (2017). “Designing an interpretive structural model of the components affecting the scientific authority of the university studied: Imam Sadeq University” (peace be upon him). Strategic Management Thought (Management Thought), 15(2 (30th issue), pp. 45-84. doi: 10.30497/smt.2022.241980. {In Persian}.
Barzegar, Payam, Mehdinejad Nouri, Mohammad, Fateh Rad, Mehdi, and Zahedi, Mohammad Mehdi. (2021). “Architecture of Science, Technology and Innovation of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to achieve scientific authority in the horizon of 1440”. Studies in Strategic Management of National Defense, 5(19), pp. 7-48. {In Persian}.
Beikzadeh Daronkolai, Somayeh, Yousefi Saeedabadi, Reza, and Safarian Hamedani, Saeed. (2010). “The role of scientific authority and foresight in the development of fourth-generation universities in order to provide a model (case study: Mazandaran Universities of Medical Sciences)”. Teb va Tazkiyeh, 29(2), pp. 76-87. {In Persian}.
Farazkish, Mahdieh, Azadi Ahmadabadi, Ghasem and Abdi, Sajideh. (2022). “Providing a conceptual model of "scientific authority" based on the thoughts and words of the Supreme Leader”. Strategic Management Thought, 16(3), pp. 1-28. doi: 10.30497/smt.2023.243030.3382. {In Persian}.
Fartash, Kiarash and Azizi, Amirhadi. (2022). “Providing a framework of indicators for monitoring and evaluating scientific authority in the field of humanities (with emphasis on educational authority, scientific and promotional publications)”. Rahyaft, 32(4), pp. 85-100. 32(4), 85-100. doi: 10.22034/rahyaft.2023.11388.1407. {In Persian}.
Fayyaz, Irandokht, Afshar Kohan Zahra. (2011). “The role and position of the educational system in the process of the country's authority”. The First National Conference on Education in Iran 1404, Tehran, Institute for Policy Research on Science, Technology and Industry. 14(1), pp. 58-81. doi: 10.22034/popsci.2023.347119.1205. {In Persian}.
Ghavamabadi, Mohammad Gholam, Mortazavi Nejad, Seyed Mehdi, Norouzi, Somayeh, Javadi, Mojtaba, Nani, Saeed, and Abdolhosseinzadeh, Mohammad. (2015). “The model of scientific authority in the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the statements of the Supreme Leader”. Basij Strategic Studies, 18(68), pp. 5-30. {In Persian}.
Ghazni, Ali. (2019). “The role of international academic communications in the academic authority of Iranian universities and strategies for improving it”. Rahyaft, 32(3), pp. 73-90. doi: 10.22034/rahyaft.2023.11408.1423. {In Persian}.
Goodarzi, Gholamreza, and Rudy, K. (2011). “Explaining scientific authority for the country's scientific institutions with a fundamental conceptualization theory approach”. Science and Technology Policy, 4(2), pp. 75-89. {In Persian}.
Hafezi, Reza, Mirzarsoli, Fereshteh and Aminlou, Mitra. (2022). “Characteristics and Challenges of Scientific Authority in Iran from the Perspective of Leaders”. Science and Technology Policy, 15(3), pp. 29-40. doi: 10.22034/jstp.2022.13956. {In Persian}.
Haghdoost Ali Akbar, Nouri Hekmat Somayeh, Dehnavieh Reza, Poursheikh Ali Atosa. (2019). “A practical look at the concept of scientific authority”. Journal of Culture and Health Promotion, 3(1), pp. 16-23. {In Persian}.
Haji Ahmadi, Maryam. (2019). “Scientific Authority, Book One: Concepts, Vocabularies and Definitions”. National Center for Strategic Research on Medical Education, Tehran. {In Persian}.
Hassanzadeh, Mohammad. (2023). “Multi-layered Model of Scientific Authority”. Information Management Sciences and Techniques, 9(2), pp. 443-451. doi: 10.22091/stim.2023.2521. {In Persian}.
Hosseini Moghadam, Mohammad, Bashiri, Hassan, Heydarzadeh, Abtin, Khoshrang, Hossein, and Dadgaran, Ideh. (2019). “Presenting a proposed model for future planning of scientific authority with emphasis on the case study of Guilan University of Medical Sciences”. Iranian Future Studies, 4(1), pp. 171-205. doi: 10.30479/jfs.2019.10603.1053. {In Persian}.
https://nrisp.ac.ir/ 2023, Full Report on Scientific Authority, National Institute for Science Policy Research.
Jafari, Mehdi, Seyed Javadi, Maryam, and Zaboli, Ruhollah. (2019). “The role of scientific authority in the development process in the country: A systematic review of domestic studies”. Development of Education in Medical Sciences, 13(39), pp. 36-51. {In Persian}.
Koushazadeh, Fatemeh, Akbari, Ahmad, Moghaleh, Ali, Jabbari Noghabi, Mehdi, and Koushazadeh, Ali. (2019). “Identifying, classifying, and prioritizing factors affecting the academic authority of a university”. Research in Educational Systems, pp. 13(47), 133-152. {In Persian}.
Koushazadeh, Fatemeh, Akbari, Ahmad, Moghaleh, Ali, Koushazadeh, Ali, and Jabbari, Mehdi. (2019). “Designing a model of academic authority of a university; identifying dimensions and pillars (case study: Imam Reza International University)”. Management in Islamic University, 9(1(19)), pp. 107-122. {In Persian}.
Latifi, Meysam, Tahmasebi Blokabad, Reza, Javadi, Mojtaba, and Mirzaei Havshki, Mohammad Hasan. (2018). “Extraction and prioritization of strategies for achieving scientific authority in the Republic of Iran using the method of performance-importance analysis (IPA)”. Rahfad, 27(86), pp. 5-29. {In Persian}.
Mahmoudi Mohammad Kazem, Salehi Mohammad, Taghvaei Yazdi Maryam. (2021). “Knowledge-based leadership and scientific authority in medical universities; (1400) A review study”. Clinical Excellence. 2021; 11 (1), pp. 43-53. {In Persian}.
Mahmoudi Topkanloo, Hassan. (2013). “Scientific authority in the light of the development of academic freedom: A study of the views of faculty members”. Rahfaad, 33(1), pp. 41-54. doi: 10.22034/rahyaft.2023.11450.1447. {In Persian}.
Mahmoudi, Mohammad Kazem, Salehi, Mohammad and Taghvaei Yazdi, Maryam. (2010). “The effect of knowledge-based leadership on scientific authority in order to provide a model in large medical universities in region 1”. Medicine and Purification, 29(1), pp. 12-23. {In Persian}.
Moghaddisi, Hamid. (2021). “Towards scientific authority by creating a national innovation system (review)”. Culture and Health Promotion, 5(4), pp. 434-441. {In Persian}.
Mozaffari, Niloufar, Hajian Heidari, Mojtaba and KhanMohammadi, Hadi. (2023). Identifying the indicators of authority in humanities fields in higher education. Research in Educational Systems, 17(63), pp. 66-85. .doi: 10.22034/jiera.2024.409855.3027. {In Persian}.
Oftadeh, Morteza, Sadri khah, Amir reza. (2023). “Why is it important to support and protect scientific elites from the perspective of the Supreme Leader in the direction of scientific authority: a research based on content analysis”. Rahyaft, 33(1), pp. 3-18. doi: 10.22034/rahyaft.2024.11506.1464. {In Persian}.
Pourreza, Rasoul. (2011). “The mission of education in acquiring scientific authority, from the perspective of the comprehensive scientific map of the country”. The first national conference on education in Iran 1404, Tehran. {In Persian}.
Rezaei Mohammad Mehdi, Falsafi Peyman. (2019). “The role and position of interdisciplinary sciences in the scientific authority of the science, technology and health innovation system 2019”. Journal of Culture and Health Promotion, 3 (1), pp. 80-85. {In Persian}.
Rezaian, Ali (2005). Human-Information System Interaction, Tehran: Samt Publications.
Rezaian, Ali (2024). The National Seminar on the Comprehensive Map of Islamic Management (NAJMA), Imam Hossein Comprehensive University, {In Persian}.
Rousta, Ahmad, Venous, Davar, Ebrahimi, Abdolhamid (2004). Marketing Management, Tehran, Samt Publications. {In Persian}.
Safdari Ranjbar, Mustafa. (2013). “Policy Programs to Support Scientific and Technological Authority”. Strategic Studies in Public Policy, 13(47), pp. 180-203. doi: 10.22034/sspp.2023.1987846.3374. {In Persian}.
Sandelowski, Margarete. and Barroso, Julie. (2007). Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative Research. New York: Springer.
Seyed Javadeyn, Seyed Reza, Hassangholipour, Tahmours, Rahnavard, Farjaleh and Tab, Mohammad. (2012). “Conceptualization of Scientific Authority in the Higher Education System”. Research in Educational Systems, 6(16), pp. 1-27. {In Persian}.
Sohrabi, Babak; Azami, Amir; Yazdani, Hamidreza. (2011). “Pathology of Research in Islamic Management with a Meta-Synthesis Approach”. Perspectives on Public Management, 6, pp. 9-2. {In Persian}.
Taban, Mohammad, Yasini, Ali, Shiri, Ardeshir and Mohammadi, Esfandiar. (2016a). “Designing and explaining the model of scientific authority in Iranian higher education based on the biographies of the country's intellectuals with a content analysis approach”. Quarterly Journal of Knowledge Retrieval and Semantic Systems, 3(6), pp. 20-40. {In Persian}.
Taban, Mohammad; Seyed Javadin, Seyed Reza, Pour Ashraf, Yasanollah, Yasini, Ali and Wiese, Sayed Mehdi. (2016b). “Identifying the components of scientific authority in Iranian higher education with a data-based approach”. Journal of Epistemological Studies at the Islamic University, 67. {In Persian}.
Taheri Mohammad Mehdi. (2019). “Realizing scientific authority as a key approach for self-development, socialization and civilization”. Journal of Culture and Health Promotion, 3(1), pp. 98-102. {In Persian}.
Taherinia, Ali Baqer and Namdari Pejman, Mehdi. (2010). “Realizing scientific authority in the context of the N-O generation of universities”. Rahyaft, 32(3), pp. 91-100. doi: 10.22034/rahyaft.2023.11413.1434. {In Persian}.
Vatheghi-Badi, Mohammad, Javanali Azar, Morteza and Khandan, Ali Asghar. (2021). “Identifying and prioritizing obstacles to achieving scientific authority in the field of humanities (case study of Imam Sadeq University)”. Strategic Management Thought, 15(1), pp. 29-72. doi: 10.30497/smt.2021.239314.3117. {In Persian}.
Yahyapour, Yousef, Nikbakhsh, Novin, Mo’oodi, Simin, and Aghatabar Roudbari, Jamileh. (2016). “Identifying the areas of scientific authority in Babol University of Medical Sciences”. Academic Conference on Research in the Administrative and Financial Areas of the Health System. {In Persian}.
Yazdani Shahram, Dashti-Rahmatabadi Marzieh, Hosseini Abardeh Maryam, Haqdoost Ali-Akbar. (2017). “Roadmap to Achieving Scientific Authority in Medical Universities in the Country”. Journal of Culture and Health Promotion, 5 (4), pp. 427-433. {In Persian}.