نقش حمایت های دولت در شکل گیری راهبردهای فرصت جویانۀ شرکت های دانش بنیان در مواجهه با پیامدهای پاندمی کرونا

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مدیریت فناوری، مجتمع دانشگاهی مدیریت و مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته مدیریت فناوری دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر

چکیده

بحران ویروس کوید-19 تاکنون به کسب وکارهای بسیاری در سراسر جهان آسیب زده، با وجود این برخی شرکت ها با اتخاذ راهبردهای مناسب، در مسیر رشد و توسعه قرار گرفته اند. دولت ها نیز با توجه به نیازهای خود کوشیده اند با حمایت های گوناگون به این شرکت ها کمک کنند. با توجه به اهمیت راهبردی شرکت های دانش بنیان برای ایران، در این مقاله چگونگی تأثیرگذاری حمایت های دولتی در شکل گیری راهبردهای فرصت جویانۀ ده شرکت دانش بنیان در مواجهه با پیامدهای شیوع کرونا را با رویکردی کیفی و روش مطالعۀ چندموردی بررسی کرده ایم. داده های این مطالعه از راه مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته با مدیران این ده شرکت جمع آوری شده اند و برای اعتباربخشی به این داده ها از روش مثلثی سازی منابع استفاده شده است که مصاحبه با مدیران، مستندات معاونت علمی ریاست جمهوری و مستندات صندوق نوآوری و شکوفایی سه ضلع آن را تشکیل می دهند. تحلیل محتوای کیفی اسناد تولید و جمع آوری شده در فرایند پژوهش نشان می دهد که محرک اصلی راهبردهای فرصت جویانۀ متعدد شرکت ها در بحران شیوع کرونا، افزایش تقاضا در حوزۀ کسب وکار شرکت است و شرکت ها با توجه به قابلیت ها و ظرفیت های خود و با اتکا به حمایت های دریافت شده، از این فرصت ها استفاده کرده اند. همچنین شواهد نشان می دهند که دولت با طیف وسیعی از ابزارهای حمایتی مالی و غیرمالی به این شرکت ها کمک کرده است. با وجود این نمی توان حمایت دولتی را جایگزین فرصت های بازار در شکل گیری راهبردهای فرصت جویانۀ شرکت ها دانست؛ هرچند اغلب این شرکت ها بدون حمایت های دولتی نمی توانستند راهبردهای خود را پیاده سازی کنند. درنتیجه باید حمایت های دولتی را در کنار فرصت های بازار، مکملی حیاتی برای شکل گیری راهبردهای فرصت جویانۀ شرکت های دانش بنیان در دوران شیوع بیماری کوید-19 دانست.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Role of Governmental Supports in the Formation of Knowledge-based Enterprises Strategies in Dealing with the COVID-19 Implications

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl Bagheri 1
  • Alireza Boushehri 1
  • Abolfazl Nasri 2
1 Assistant Professor at Malek Ashtar University of Technology
2 Masters Student at Malek Ashtar University of Technology
چکیده [English]

Although the COVID-19 crisis has devastated many companies worldwide, some firms have implemented effective strategies to make their way into growth and development. Governments also provide these companies with various supports about their need. Because of the strategic importance of knowledge-based enterprises for Iran, we have investigated how government supports influence the development of prospective strategies of ten knowledge-based enterprises facing COVID-19 pandemic using a qualitative approach and multiple case study process. Data of this study were collected through semi-structured interviews with CEOs of these ten companies. To verify this data, we used the data triangulation method of interviews, vice-presidential documents for science and technology, and Iran National Innovation Fund documents as its three sides. Analyzing the qualitative content of produced and collected documents through the research process suggests that the main drivers of various companies' prospective strategies during the COVID-19 crisis are increased demand in their businesses and firms because of their technologies and resources, and relying on government support exploited these opportunities. Besides, evidence suggests that the government has provided a variety of financial and non-financial support tools to support these firms. However, in defining these prospective strategies, we cannot find government support to be a substitute for market attractiveness, though most of these companies were unable to execute their strategies without government support. Therefore, besides market attractiveness, we need to find government support as a vital complement to the creation of prospective knowledge-based enterprise strategies facing the COVID-19 outbreak.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • COVID-19
  • Strategic management
  • Knowledge-based Enterprises
  • Government Support
  • Multiple Case Study
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دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 31
فصلنامه سیاست نامه علم و فناوری با هدف داوری باز و شفاف (Open peer review (OPR)) نتایج داوری مقالات این شماره را در قسمت فایل های تکمیلی منتشر نموده است.
شهریور 1399
صفحه 21-42
  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 مرداد 1399