بررسی عوامل موثر بر اثربخشی نهادهای میانجی دانشگاه و صنعت (موردمطالعه: مجموعه مسابقات ره‌نشان بنیاد ملی نخبگان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 دانش آموخته ی کارشناسی ارشد جامعه شناسی, دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران, ایران

چکیده

مسئله‌مندی ارتباط صنعت و دانشگاه در ایران مورد ارجاع تحقیقات متعددی قرار گرفته است و یکی از پرتکرارترین راهبردهای رفع این مسئله، ایجاد سازوکارهای میانجی عنوان شده است. در این تحقیق با استفاده از روش نظریه‌ زمینه‌ای، مجموعه مسابقات مسئله‌محور بنیاد ملی نخبگان موسوم به مسابقات ره‌نشان به‌عنوان یک سازوکار میانجی با کارکرد تسهیل ارتباط و پیوند میان بازیگران حاضر در صنعت و دانشگاه، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. مسابقات ره نشان شامل 54 پروژه تعریف شده توسط شرکت‌های صنعتی است که دانشجویان به میانجی مسابقات ره‌نشان و در تعامل با شرکت‌ها، انجام آن‌ها را برعهده گرفته‌اند. سؤال اصلی تحقیق آن بوده است که چرا و چگونه، فقط در معدودی از پروژه‌ها ارتباط برقرار شده و در غالب پروژه‌ها (بیش از 85 درصد) ارتباط پایداری شکل نگرفته است. برای پاسخ بدین سؤال، تعداد 15 پروژه از طریق روش نمونه‌گیری نظری انتخاب و 30 مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته با دانشجویان و راهبران شرکت‌ها انجام گرفت و نتایج آن تحت دو عنوان "روایت انجام‌دهندگان" و "روایت تعریف‌کنندگان پروژه"، صورت‌بندی، کدگذاری و تحلیل شد. بر اساس این تحلیل، سه عامل اصلی نظام انگیزشی، فرهنگ زمانی و نظام ارزش‌گذاری و چهار عامل تقویت/تضعیف‌کننده راهبری فعال، تعریف دقیق و متناسب پروژه، اشتهار شرکت و شکل‌گیری تعامل اجتماعی شناسایی شد. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که به علت عدم تناسب در سه وجه "نظام انگیزشی"،"فرهنگ زمانی" و "نظام ارزش‌گذاری" بین دو طرف این رابطه، در اغلب موارد ارتباط برقرار نمی‌شود. در حقیقت از علل اصلی عدم موفقیت در این سازوکار میانجی آن است که افراد با یک تعلق نهادی پیشینی و متمایز از یک دیگر وارد رابطه همکاری می شوند و عدم تطابق این تعلق نهادی در سه وجه ذکر شده سبب ناکارآمدی این ساز و کار میانجی می گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

study on the effective factors on the effectiveness of mediating institutions of university and industry (case study: National Elite Foundation's guide competition series)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bahare Arvin 1
  • Amirhossein Davari 2
1 Department of Sociology, Humanities Faculty, Tarbiyat Modares University,, Tehran, Iran
2 M.A in Sociology, Tarbiyat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The problem of the relationship between industry and university in Iran has been the subject of research in numerous studies and one of the most frequent strategies to solve this issue is creating mediation mechanisms. In this research, using the method of grounded theory, a problem-based set of competitions of the National Elite Foundation called “Rahneshan” as a mediating mechanism with the function of facilitating communication between the actors in industry and university has been investigated. Rahneshan competitions include 54 projects defined by industrial companies that students undertake through the Rahneshan mediation. The main question of the research was why and how communications were established only in a few projects, while in most projects (more than 85%) no stable communications were formed. To answer this question, 15 projects were selected by the theoretical sampling method, then 30 semi-structured interviews with students and company leaders were conducted. The results were formulated, coded, and analyzed under the two headings of "Performers' Narrative" and "Project Definers' Narrative". Based on this analysis, three main factors, i.e., "motivational system", "time culture" and "valuation system" and four strengthening/weakening factors, i.e., “active leadership”, “accurate and appropriate definition of the project”, “company reputation”, and “the formation of social interaction” were identified. The findings of this study show that due to the mismatch in the three aspects, namely, "motivational system", "time culture" and "valuation system" between the two sides of this relationship, in most cases, no communications are established. In fact, one of the main reasons for the lack of success in this mediation mechanism is that people enter into a cooperation relationship with a previous and different institutional affiliation, and the incompatibility of this institutional affiliation in the three aspects mentioned causes the ineffectiveness of this mediation mechanism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • industry and university relationship
  • intermediary
  • problem-based competition
  • Rahneshan
  • institutional affiliation
Azar, A., Gholamrezaei, D., Danaei Fard, H., and Khodadad Hosseini, H. (2013). “Analysis of University-Industry Relation in Higher Education Policies of the Fifth Development Plan Using System Dynamics”. Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 3(1), pp. 79-115. {In Persian}
Azizi Jirabadi, A., Sarmast, A., and Askarian, M. (2023). “An Assessment of Academic Research in Addressing National Challenges and Benchmarking Problem-Oriented Research”. Center for Parliamentary Research{In Persian}
Bagheri Nejhad, M. (2008). “University- Industry Relationship System for Technology Development in Iran: Mechanisms and Policy Implications”. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 1(1) .{In Persian}
Behrouzi, M. (2010). “A Suitable Model for Meeting Labor Market Needs through Effective Industry-University Cooperation”. Industry and University Journal, 2(3), pp. 63-74. {In Persian}
Davari, A. (2021). “An Examination of Industry-University Cooperation Strategies” (Case Study: Rahneshan Competitions of the National Elites Foundation) [Master's thesis]. Tehran, Iran: Tarbiat Modares University. {In Persian}
Elyasi, M. (2011). “A Model for the Role of Intermediary Institutions in Developing Technological Cooperation between Firms: A Case Study of Iran's Aerospace Industry (Doctoral thesis)”. Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran. {In Persian}
Esmaeili, M., Yamani Doozi Sorkhabi, M., Haji Hosseini, H., and Kiamanesh, A.(2011). “A Survey on Relationship between Engineering Colleges of Tehranâs Public Universities and Industry, within the Framework of National Innovation System”. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education,17 (1). {In Persian}
Feyz, D., and Shahabi, A. (2015). “Modeling the Role of Knowledge and Industry Coordination Centers in Developing University-Industry Relations with a Systems Dynamics Approach”. Industry and University Journal, 5(17-18) {In Persian}Feyz, D., and Suri, A. (2014). “Investigating the Impact of Internal University Factors on Industry Relations”. Industry and University Journal, 7(23-24) {In Persian}
Foyoudzat, I., and Taslimi Tehrani, R. (2007). “A Sociological Analysis of the Relationship between University and Industry in Contemporary Iran”. Journal of Humanities, 53 {In Persian}Ghods, K., Sarabadani, A., Ghazinoory, S. (2023). “The Process Model of the Mediating Institution of Innovation in the Creation of Shared Inter-Institutional Values”. Management Research in Iran, 27(3), pp. 57-77. {In Persian}
Howard Partners (2007). The Role of Intermediaries in Support of Innovation. Report prepare for the Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources, Australia.
Howells, J. (2016). “Intermediation and the Role of Intermediaries in Innovation”. Research policy, 35(5), pp. 715-728.‏
Jafarnjad, A., Mahdavi, A., and Khalighi-Soroush, F. (2005). “Evaluation of Barriers to Industry-University Relations and Proposed Implementation Strategies”. Management Knowledge Quarterly, (Volume), 18(1) {In Persian}
Jamalipour, H., and Shafiei, M. (2010). “Successful Cases of University and Industry Interaction”. Journal of Industry and University, 7(3), {In Persian}
Johnson, W. H. (2008). “Roles, resources and benefits of intermediate organizations supporting triple helix collaborative R&D: The case of Precarn“. Technovation, 28(8), pp. 495-505.‏
Kanahmaloo, R., and Sepehri, A. (2017). “Connecting Demand and Supply: The Role of Intermediation in Public Procurement of Innovation”. Science and Technology Policy Letters07(3), pp. 85-104. {In Persian}
Klerkx, L., and Leeuwis, C. (2009). “Establishment and Embedding of Innovation Brokers at Different Innovation System Levels: Insights from the Dutch Agricultural Sector”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 76(6), pp. 849-860.‏
Mohammad Hashemi, Z. (2017). “The Relationship among University, Industry and Government with Emphasis on the Role of Intermediary Institutions, Case Study: Coordination Centers of Knowledge, Industry and Markets”. Rahyaft, 27(66), pp. 75-88 {In Persian}
Mortazavi, S. (2004). “The Relationship between the University and Industry”. Studies in Education and Psychology, 5(1), pp. 95-118. {In Persian}
Mozafari, F. A., Padashi asl, K., Shamsi, L., and Boudaghi, A. (2011). “The Evaluation of Role and Status of Interdisciplinary in Relationship of University – Industry”. Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities, 4(1), pp. 25-40. {In Persian}
Nasiry, H. (2021). “University-Industry-Society Relations (1): Activating Intermediary Institutions”. Center for Parliamentary Research. https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/report/show/1650002{In Persian}
Poroushasb, S. (2017). Investigating the Triple Helix relationships of university, industry, and government in applied research projects in Iran. Rahyaft, (67).
Safdari Ranjbar, M., Tvakoli ,M., Salami, S. (2016). “Scientific and Technological Collaboration between University and Industry (Historical Trend, Goals, Challenges and Mechanisms)”. Quarterly journal of Industrial Technology Development, 14(27) {In Persian}
Samadi Miyarkalaei, H., and Samadi Miyarkalaei, H. (2013). “Theories and Models of Relationship between Industry and University in Knowledge-Based Economy”. Technological Growth, 35(9), {In Persian}
Shamsoddini, M., Miri, M., Najjaran Toosi, H., and Taheri, A. (2024). “Identifying and Modeling the Dimensions of the University's Relationship with the External Environment from the Perspective of Ecosystem Thinking with the Grounded Theory Method and ISM”. Science and Technology Policy Letters14(1), pp. 85-112. {In Persian}
Seyednaghavi, M., Poorbehroozan, A., and seraji, R. (2019). “Identifying the of Weak Relationship between University and Industry and Providing Solutions for Improving this Relationship”. Majlis and Rahbord26(99), pp. 35-61 {In Persian}
Shafiei, M., and Mousavi, S. A. (2014). “Content Analysis of Barriers, Opportunities, and Strategies for Developing Industry-University Cooperation in Fifteen Tripartite Congresses”. Innovation and Value Creation Quarterly, 1(3). {In Persian}
Shafiei, M., and Yazdaniyan, V. (2009). “Conceptual Development of Industry-University Collaboration: From Practical-Oriented to the Structural-Oriented Approaches”. Industry and University Quarterly, 1(1) {In Persian}
Stewart, J., and Hyysalo, S. (2008). “Intermediaries, Users and Social Learning in Technological Innovation”. International Journal of Innovation Management, 12(03), pp. 295-325.‏
Strauss, A. L., and Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research (E. Afshar, Trans.). Ney publisher. {In Persian}
Tabaian, S. K., and Bushehri, A. (2010). “Promoting Industry-University Collaboration within the National Innovation System: A Case Study of Technology Market”. Industry and University Journal, 2(3-4) {In Persian}
Thaqfi, M., Bani Hashemi, S. A., and Mohammadzadeh, S. (2019). “Evaluation of Barriers to University-Industry Cooperation in Achieving the Goals of the Sixth Development Plan”. Industry and University Quarterly, 11(39-40) {In Persian}
Winch, G., and Courtney, R. (2007). “The Organization of Innovation Brokers: An International Review”. Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 19) 6(, pp. 747-763.
Yaghoubi Farani, A., and Hatamikia, N. (2016). “Barriers of University-Industry Collaboration (An Academia’s Perspective)”. Higher Education Letter, 8(32), pp. 31-51 {In Persian}