بررسی چالشهای استفاده از ابزار خرید دولت در ارتقای توان فناوری در صنعت صدا و تصویر

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دکترای تخصصی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

2 کارشناس‌ارشد، دانشکده مدیریت، اقتصاد و مهندسی پیشرفت، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

3 پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوری

چکیده

دولت‌ها عموما یکی از مهمترین خریداران کالا و خدمات محسوب می‌شوند و چنین نقشی باعث می‌شود تا خرید دولت به عنوان یک ابزار مهم سیاستی در‌اختیار برای ارتقای توان شرکتهای داخلی مطرح شود. جهت‌دهی به تدارکات عمومی برای نیل به اهداف توسعه‌ای یکی‌از مهمترین سیاستهای نوآوری طرف تقاضا است که دولت‌ها را قادر می‌سازد برای شرکتهای فناور و نوآور، بازارهای جدید ایجاد نموده و از‌آن طریق توانمندیهای فناورانه آنها را ارتقاء دهند. صنعت صدا و تصویر(برودکست) بعنوان زیرساخت اساسی رسانه ملی، به‌سبب ویژگیهایی مانند تغییرات سریع تکنولوژی، عمر‌طولانی محصولات تولید شده، بازار کوچک داخلی و ناملموس بودن تاثیر اجتماعی فعالیت‌های نوآورانه تولید داخل در آن، در این تحقیق مورد‌ توجه قرار‌گرفته است. با اتخاذ یک رویکرد کیفی و روش تحلیل مضمون، پس از مرور پیشینه تحقیق، چارچوب و سوالات مصاحبه‌های عمیق مورد نیاز تعیین و با پانزده نفر از خبرگان صنعت صدا و تصویر مصاحبه بعمل‌آمد. بر‌مبنای تحلیل مضمون، مفاهیم اصلی شناسایی و کددهی شده و سپس مضامین سازمان‌دهنده و سپس فراگیر استخراج شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد تقاضای موثر و حفاظت از بازار در کنار عوامل محیطی همچون اقتصاد کلان و قوانین حاکم و‌ همچنین میزان توانمندی شرکت‌های نوآور در کنار عوامل درون سازمانی مانند اولویتهای سازمان صدا و سیما و جایگاه حمایت از تولید داخل در آنها و ‌نیز عامل چرخه نوآوری در این صنعت، مفاهیم محوری هستند که ابعاد استفاده از خرید دولت در ارتقای فناوری در این صنعت را تشریح می‌کند. براین اساس ضرورت دارد حداقل تضمین خرید، توسعه بازار‌ داخلی و بین‌المللی با حمایت از صادرات و باز تعریف و هدف‌گذاری فعالیت‌های نوآورانه سازمان و اصلاح قوانین بطور جدی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the challenges of applying local-content policies for promoting technology capacity in broadcast industry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehran Zarrinpour 1
  • Amir Zakery 2
  • Meysam Narimani 3
1 Iran University of Science and Technology
2 Iran University of Science and Technology
3 Assistant Professor at Technology Studies Institute
چکیده [English]

Governments are an important buyer of goods and services, such a role caused the public procurement, to be recognized as an important policy tool at the disposal of the government to improve the capacity of domestic companies. Directing public procurement to achieve development goals is one of the most important innovation policies on the demand side, which enables governments to create new markets for technological and innovative companies and thereby improve their technological capabilities. The broadcasting industry, as the basic infrastructure of the Iran national media (IRIB), has been considered in this research due to its features such as rapid changes in technology, long life of manufactured products, small domestic market and the intangibility of the social impact of innovative domestic production activities. By adopting a qualitative approach, after reviewing the background of the research, the framework and questions of in-depth interviews were determined and interviews were conducted with fifteen experts in the broadcast industry. Based on the analysis of the content of the identified categories and the extraction of organizing categories and then comprehensive categories, it was found that creating demand and protecting the market, environmental factors and organizational level factors along with the innovation cycle are the most basic categories of using government procurement in promoting technology in this industry .Therefore, it is necessary to seriously consider at least the guarantee of purchase, the development of the domestic and international market by supporting exports, and amending the laws. Finally, Policy implications for promoting exports in the broadcast industry is highlighted.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public procurement
  • innovation policy
  • broadcast industry
  • demand-side policy
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