توانمندسازی تامین کنندگان در تدارکات عمومی نوآوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده مدیریت، اقتصاد و مهندسی پیشرفت، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی پژوهشکده سیاست گذاری دانشگاه صنعتی شریف

3 دانشجوی دکتری سیاستگذاری علم و فناوری دانشکده مدیریت، اقتصاد و مهندسی پیشرفت، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

چکیده

تدارکات عمومی (حامی) نوآوری سیاستی است که به دلیل سهم قابل توجه خریدهای دولت‌ها از اقتصادهای ملّی، از اوایل قرن بیست و یکم مورد توجه کشورهای توسعه‌یافته به خصوص اروپا قرار گرفته است. این سیاست نوآوری طرف تقاضا با وجود جذابیت‌هایی که دارد بسیار اندک مورد توجه کشورهای در حال توسعه و کمتر توسعه یافته قرار گرفته است که یک دلیل آن اقتضائات و نیازهای متفاوت این کشورهاست. از جمله اهمّ این اقتضائات توانمندی ناکافی تامین‌کنندگان است. این مقاله مروری با ارائه 1) مبانی نظری مطالعات توانمندسازی تامین‌کنندگان و سیاست تدارکات عمومی نوآوری، و 2) بررسی پژوهش‌های صورت گرفته، و 3) بررسی علم‌سنجی مقدماتی آثار علمی در این دو حوزه سعی دارد شمایی کلی از مطالعات مربوطه ارائه دهد. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که هر دو حوزه با قلّت و پراکندگی آثار علمی مواجهند. کشورهای پیشرفته – احتمالاً به دلیل اینکه توانمندسازی تامین‌کنندگان در مقایسه با توسعه نوآوری هدف اصلی آنها نیست- توانمندسازی تامین‌کنندگان را به عنوان هدفی فرعی و تبعی از سیاست تدارکات عمومی نوآوری در نظر می‌گیرند که در طی مسیر توسعه نوآوری خودبه‌خود رخ می‌دهد. این در حالیست که کشورهای در حال توسعه نیازمند هدفگذاری عامدانه بر روی این نیاز خود طی اهرم کردن تدارکات عمومی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Suppliers' Capability-Building in Public Procurement of Innovation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Bonyadi Naeini 1
  • Ali Maleki 2
  • Najmoddin Yazdi 3
1 Faculty member of The School of Management, Economics and Progress Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
2 Faculty member at The Sharif Policy Research Institute (SPRI), Sharif University of Technology
3 PhD Student of Science and Technology Policy, School of Management, Economics and Progress Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
چکیده [English]

PPI is an innovation policy that industrialized countries have studied since the early twenty-first century because to the large contribution of government purchases to their national economies. Despite its attraction, this demand-side innovation policy has failed to capture the attention of emerging and less developed countries, owing to their demands and circumstances being distinct from those of developed ones. One of these conditions is insufficient supplier capability. This review paper examined 1) the theoretical underpinnings of supplier capability development and public procurement of innovation, 2) the body of existing research, and 3) conducted an introductory scientometric analysis of these two literatures. The findings indicated that both fields are burdened by a small number of publications that are largely unrelated to one another. Developed countries have viewed this topic as a secondary goal of PPI policy, which develops organically during this policy - most likely because suppliers' capability building is not their primary objective in comparison to the growth of innovation. Developing countries, on the other hand, require purposeful targeting of this objective in order to leverage public procurement.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public procurement of Innovation (PPI)
  • Suppliers'
  • capability-building
  • Scientometrics
  • Demand-side innovation policy
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